Sefarad

So obviously the most famous part of Spain's Jewish history is the expulsion of 1492, and unfortunate overreaction on the part of the Catholic Kings which obscures an otherwise fascinating history. Jewish Spain (Sefarad is the Jewish word for Spain) lasted from at least the Roman period up through the entire Middle Ages. Spain had one of the largest Jewish populations in the world, perhaps as many as 600,000.

Toledo had a large Jewish quarter, essentially the entire southeast of the city. There are two synagogues still standing, the Sinagoga del Transito, and the Sinagoga de Santa Maria la Blanca. As the names reflect, both structures survived because they were acquired by the Church. Both are very nice Mudejar buildings, from the fourteenth and thirteenth centuries respectively. Unfortunately, there is no picture taking in Santa Maria la Blanca, the more ornate of the two.
The other synagogue, El Transito, now holds the Museo Sefardi, which is quite well done. This is the western wall of the main chamber of the synagogue.